Ukusombulula iingxaki ezisemgangathweni zoxinzelelo oluphezulu lokuphosa iqokobhe le-gearbox ye-clutch ephindwe kabini

Khetha oku: Iimveliso zebhokisi yegiya ephindwe kabini-i-clutch imanzi, iqokobhe elixhasayo lineqokobhe le-clutch kunye ne-gearbox, amaqokobhe amabini aveliswa yindlela yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, kwinkqubo yophuhliso lwemveliso kunye nemveliso ifumene inkqubo yophuculo lomgangatho onzima, umyinge opheleleyo opheleleyo ogqibeleleyo malunga ne-60% 95% ekupheleni kwenqaku lokunyuka kweengxaki zokunyuka.

Ukuhanjiswa kwe-clutch emanzi kabini, esebenzisa iseti yegiya ye-cascade entsha, inkqubo ye-electro-mechanical shift drive kunye ne-electro-hydraulic clutch actuator entsha.Iqokobhe elingenanto lenziwe ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lokuphosa i-aluminium alloy, eneempawu zobunzima bokukhanya kunye namandla aphezulu.Kukho impompo ye-hydraulic, ulwelo lokuthambisa, umbhobho wokupholisa kunye nenkqubo yokupholisa yangaphandle kwibhokisi yegiya, ebeka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu ekusebenzeni koomatshini kunye nokusebenza kokutywinwa kweqokobhe.Eli phepha lichaza indlela yokusombulula iingxaki ezisemgangathweni ezifana nokuguquguquka kweqokobhe, umngxuma wokushwabana komoya kunye nezinga lokuphumelela elivuzayo nelichaphazela izinga lokuphumelela kakhulu.

1,Isisombululo sengxaki ye-deformation

Umzobo 1 (a) ngezantsi,Ibhokisi yegiya yenziwe nge-high-pressure cast aluminiyam yealloy gearbox yendlu kunye nendlu ye-clutch.Izinto ezisetyenziswayo yi-ADC12, kwaye ubukhulu bayo bodonga olusisiseko bumalunga ne-3.5mm.Iqokobhe lebhokisi yegiya libonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1 (b).Ubungakanani obusisiseko buyi-485mm (ubude) × 370mm (ububanzi) × 212mm (ubude), umthamo ngu-2481.5mm3, indawo eqikelelweyo yi-134903mm2, kunye nobunzima obunetha malunga ne-6.7kg.Yindawo enomngxuma onzulu obhityileyo.Ukuqwalasela iteknoloji yokuvelisa kunye nokucubungula i-mold, ukuthembeka kokubumba imveliso kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa, ukubumba kucwangciswe njengoko kuboniswe kuMzobo 1 (c), owenziwe ngamaqela amathathu e-sliders, i-mold ehambayo (kwicala le-cavity yangaphandle) kunye ne-mold esisigxina (kwicala le-cavity yangaphakathi), kunye ne-thermal shrinkage rate ye-51 ye-51%.

dsad

Ngokwenyani, kwinkqubo yovavanyo lokuqala lokuphosa ukufa, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ubungakanani bendawo yemveliso eveliswe ngokuphosa ukufa bahluke kakhulu kwiimfuno zoyilo (ezinye izikhundla zazingaphezulu kwe-30% yesaphulelo), kodwa ubungakanani bokungunda bufanelekile kwaye izinga lokushwabana xa lithelekiswa nobukhulu obulilo nalo lalihambelana nomthetho wokushwabana.Ukuze ufumane unobangela wengxaki, ukuskena kwe-3D kwegobolondo lomzimba kunye nethiyori ye-3D isetyenziselwe ukuthelekisa nokuhlalutya, njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1 (d).Kwafunyaniswa ukuba indawo yokubeka isiseko sendawo engenanto yayikhubazekile, kwaye inani lokuguqulwa laliyi-2.39mm kwindawo ye-B kunye ne-0.74mm kwindawo C. Ngenxa yokuba imveliso isekelwe kwindawo ye-convex ye-A, B, C ye-benchmark yokumisa emva koko kunye ne-benchmark yokulinganisa, le deformation ikhokelela kumlinganiselo, enye indawo ye-oda ye-B, i-projection ye-A, i-projection ye-A.

Uhlalutyo lwezizathu zale ngxaki:

① Umgaqo woyilo loxinzelelo oluphezulu lokuphosa ukufa yenye yeemveliso emva kokudilizwa, ukunika imilo kwimveliso kwimodeli eguquguqukayo, efuna impembelelo kwimodeli eguquguqukayo yamandla epakethe inkulu kunemikhosi esebenza kwingxowa yokungunda eqinileyo, ngenxa yomgodi onzulu weemveliso ezikhethekileyo ngaxeshanye, umngxuma onzulu phakathi kwe-cores kwi-mold engatshintshiyo kunye nangaphandle komngxuma owenziwe umphezulu kwindawo eshukumayo yokungunda iyakuthatha isigqibo malunga necala lokungunda;

②Kukho izilayidi kwicala lasekhohlo, elisezantsi nasekunene lokungunda, ezidlala indima encedisayo ekubambeni phambi kokuba udilizwe.Amandla amancinci axhasayo akwi-B ephezulu, kwaye ukuthambekela okupheleleyo kuku-concave kwi-cavity ngexesha lokuncipha kwe-thermal.Ezi zizathu zimbini zingentla zikhokelela kolona tshintsho lukhulu ku-B, lulandelwa nguC.

Iskimu sokuphucula ukusombulula le ngxaki kukongeza i-fixed die ejection mechanism Figure 1 (e) kwindawo ehleliweyo yokufa.Kwi-B yanda i-6 isethi yokubumba i-plunger, yongeza i-plunger yokubumba esisigxina kwi-C, intonga ye-pin esisigxina kukuthembela kwincopho yokusetha ngokutsha, xa uhambisa i-mold clamping plane usete i-reset lever ucinezele ibe ngumbumba, i-mold automatic i-die pressure iyanyamalala, umva weplate spring kwaye emva koko utyhale incopho ephezulu, thatha inyathelo lokuqonda ukukhuthaza ukubunjwa kwe-mold, thabatha inyathelo lokuqonda ukukhuthaza i-mold deformation, ngoko ke i-demoformation iphuma.

Emva kokuguqulwa kokubumba, i-deformation deformation iyancipha ngempumelelo.Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-FIG.1 (f), i-deformations kwi-B kunye ne-C ilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.I-Point B yi-0.22mm kunye ne-point C yi-0.12, ehlangabezana nemfuneko ye-contour engenanto ye-0.7mm kwaye ifezekise imveliso yobuninzi.

2, Isisombululo somngxunya wokushwabana kweqokobhe kunye nokuvuza

Njengoko kwaziwa kubo bonke, ukuphoswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu kuyindlela yokwenza apho isinyithi solwelo sigcwaliswa ngokukhawuleza kwintsimbi yokubumba isinyithi ngokufaka uxinzelelo oluthile kwaye luqina ngokukhawuleza phantsi koxinzelelo lokufumana ukuphosa.Nangona kunjalo, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zoyilo lwemveliso kunye nenkqubo yokuphosa ukufa, kusekho iindawo ezithile zamalungu ashushu okanye imingxunya yokunciphisa umoya kwimveliso, ebangelwa:

(1) Ukuphoswa koxinzelelo kusebenzisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu ukucinezela isinyithi elulwelo kumgodi wokungunda ngesantya esiphezulu.Igesi ekwigumbi loxinzelelo okanye i-mold cavity ayikwazi ukukhutshwa ngokupheleleyo.Ezi gesi zibandakanyeka kwintsimbi engamanzi kwaye ekugqibeleni zikhona ekugalweni ngendlela yeepores.

(2) Ukunyibilika kwerhasi kwi-aluminiyam engamanzi kunye ne-alloy eqinileyo ye-aluminiyam yahlukile.Kwinkqubo yokuqinisa, irhasi iyancipha ngokungenakuthintelwa.

(3) Isinyithi solwelo siqina ngokukhawuleza kwi-cavity, kwaye kwimeko yokungaphangi okusebenzayo, ezinye iindawo zokuphosa ziya kuvelisa i-shrinkage cavity okanye i-shrinkage porosity.

Thatha iimveliso ze-DPT eziye zangena ngokulandelelana kwisampulu yesixhobo kunye nesigaba sokuvelisa i-batch encinci njengomzekelo (jonga i-Figure 2) : Izinga lesiphako somngxuma wokuqala wokunciphisa umoya wemveliso yabalwa, kwaye iphezulu yayiyi-12.17%, phakathi kwayo i-air shrinkage hole enkulu kune-3.5mm ibalwa kwi-15.71 i-air defectage 5% kunye ne-5. kubalelwa kuma-42.93%.Le mingxunya yokunciphisa umoya yayigxininiswe kwimingxuma ethile enemisonto kunye neendawo zokutywina.Ezi ziphene ziyakuchaphazela amandla okudibanisa i-bolt, ukuqina komphezulu kunye nezinye iimfuno zokusebenza kwe-scrap.

Ukusombulula ezi ngxaki, iindlela eziphambili zezi zilandelayo:

dsfc

2.1INKQUBO YOKUPHOLISA ibala

Ifanele iindawo zomngxunya onzulu kunye namalungu amakhulu angundoqo.Inxalenye eyenza ezi zakhiwo zinemingxuma embalwa enzulu okanye i-cavity enzulu ye-core yokutsalwa, njl., kunye nokubumba okumbalwa kuhlanganiswe ngobuninzi be-aluminium engamanzi, ekulula ukubangela ukugqithiswa kwe-mold, ebangela ukunyanzeliswa kwe-mold, i-crack eshushu kunye nezinye iziphene.Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukunyanzela ukupholisa amanzi okupholisa kwindawo yokudlula ye-mold mold enzulu.Ingxenye yangaphakathi yombindi kunye nobubanzi obungaphezu kwe-4mm ipholiswe nge-1.0-1.5mpa yamanzi aphezulu, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba amanzi okupholisa abandayo kwaye ashushu, kwaye izicubu ezijikelezileyo ze-core zingaqala ukuqinisa kwaye zenze umgca obunzima, ukwenzela ukuba kuncitshiswe i-shrinkage kunye nokuthambekela kwe-porosity.

Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Figure 3, idibaniswe nedatha yohlalutyo lweenkcukacha-manani zokulinganisa kunye neemveliso zangempela, indawo yokugqibela yokupholisa inqaku yaphuculwa, kwaye indawo yokupholisa i-high-pressure point njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Mold 3 (d) ibekwe kwi-mold, eyayilawula ngokufanelekileyo ukushisa kwemveliso kwindawo edibeneyo eshushu, yaqonda ukuqiniswa okulandelelanayo kweemveliso, ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuveliswa kwemigodi, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukulinganisa.

cdsfvd

2.2I-extrusion yendawo

Ukuba ubukhulu bodonga loyilo lwesakhiwo semveliso abulingani okanye kukho iindawo ezinkulu ezishushu kwiindawo ezithile, imingxuma yokunciphisa iyancipha ukubonakala kwinxalenye yokugqibela eqinisiweyo, njengoko kuboniswe kwi-FIG.4 (C) ngezantsi.Imingxuma yokucutheka kwezi mveliso ayinakuthintelwa yinkqubo yokuphosa ukufa kunye nokwandisa indlela yokupholisa.Ngeli xesha, i-extrusion yendawo ingasetyenziselwa ukusombulula ingxaki.Umzobo wesakhiwo soxinzelelo oluyinxenye njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso wesi-4 (a), oko kukuthi, ifakelwe ngokuthe ngqo kumbhobho wokungunda, emva kokuba isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sigcwaliswa kukungunda kwaye saqina ngaphambili, hayi ngokupheleleyo kulwelo lwesinyithi oluluqilima semi-oluqilima kumngxuma, ekugqibeleni ukuqina kodonga olungqindilili ngoxinzelelo lwentonga enyanzeliswayo ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa iziphene ezikumgangatho ophezulu wokuphoswa komngxuma wokufa.

sdcds

2.3I-extrusion yesibini

Inqanaba lesibini le-extrusion kukuseta i-cylinder ye-stroke kabini.I-stroke yokuqala igqibezela ukubumba inxenye yomngxuma wokuqala wangaphambili, kwaye xa i-aluminiyam engamanzi ejikeleze undoqo iqiniswa ngokuthe ngcembe, inyathelo lesibini le-extrusion liqalisiwe, kwaye isiphumo esiphindiweyo sokuphosa kwangaphambili kunye ne-extrusion ekugqibeleni sifezekiswe.Thatha i-gearbox yezindlu njengomzekelo, izinga elifanelekileyo lovavanyo oluqinileyo lwegesi lwendlu yebhokisi yegiya kwinqanaba lokuqala leprojekthi lingaphantsi kwama-70%.Ukuhanjiswa kwamacandelo okuvuza ikakhulu kukuhlangana kwe-oyile ye-1 # kunye ne-oyile ye-4 # (isangqa esibomvu kuMfanekiso 5) njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi.

iidsads

2.4UKULAHLA INKQUBO YEMBAleki

Inkqubo yokugalela yentsimbi die ukuphosa ngundo ngumjelo ogcwalisa umngxuma imodeli die casting kunye nolwelo metal otyhidiweyo kwigumbi lokushicilela of kufa umatshini yokuphosa phantsi kwemeko ubushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nesantya esiphezulu.Ibandakanya imbaleki ethe tye, imbaleki enqamlezileyo, imbaleki yangaphakathi kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha i-overflow exhaust.Bakhokelwa kwinkqubo yokuzaliswa kwesinyithi solwelo, imeko yokuhamba, isantya kunye noxinzelelo lokudluliselwa kwesinyithi solwelo, isiphumo sokukhupha kunye nokufa ngundo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimiba efana nemeko yokulinganisa i-thermal yolawulo kunye nommiselo, ngoko ke, inkqubo ye-gating igqitywe ekufeni komgangatho wokuphosa umphezulu kunye neyona nto ibalulekileyo yemeko yangaphakathi ye-microstructure.Uyilo kunye nokugqitywa kwenkqubo yokugalela kufuneka isekelwe kwindibaniselwano yethiyori kunye nokusebenza.

dscvsdv

2.5PirowusiOukuzaliseka

Inkqubo yokuphosa i-Die yinkqubo yokucubungula eshushu edibanisa kwaye isebenzise umatshini wokuphosa ukufa, i-die casting die kunye nentsimbi engamanzi ngokwenkqubo yenkqubo ekhethiweyo kwangaphambili kunye nemilinganiselo yenkqubo, kwaye ifumana ukuphosa ukufa ngoncedo lokuqhuba amandla.Kuthatha zonke iintlobo zezinto eziqwalaselwayo, ezifana noxinzelelo (kubandakanywa amandla e-injection, uxinzelelo oluthile lwenaliti, amandla okwandisa, amandla okutshixa isikhunta), isantya se-injection (kubandakanya isantya se-punch, isantya sangaphakathi sesango, njl.), Ukuzalisa isantya, njl.), amaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo (ubushushu obunyibilikayo besinyithi solwelo, iqondo lokushisa lokufa, ubushushu bokubumba, njl.) izinga, i-gradient yobushushu, njl.njl.), iipropati zokuphosa kunye neempawu ze-thermal zentsimbi engamanzi, njl.

cdsbfd

2.6Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezintsha

Ukuze kusonjululwe ingxaki yokuvuza kwamalungu akhululekileyo ngaphakathi kumacandelo athile eqokobhe lebhokisi yegiya, isisombululo sebhloko ye-aluminium ebandayo sasetyenziswa ubuvulindlela emva kokuqinisekiswa ngawo omabini amacala okubonelela kunye nemfuno.Okokuthi, ibhloko ye-aluminium ilayishwe ngaphakathi kwemveliso ngaphambi kokuzaliswa, njengoko kuboniswe kuMzobo 9. Emva kokuzaliswa kunye nokuqina, le nto ifakela ihlala ngaphakathi kwiqumrhu lecandelo ukuxazulula ingxaki ye-shrinkage yendawo kunye ne-porosity.

cdsbfdas


Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-08-2022